Yintoni Ukuwelda?
Ubuchule bokuwelda kwentsimbi bubhekisa kukulungelelaniswa kwezinto zetsimbi kwinkqubo ye-welding, ikakhulu ibhekisa kubunzima bokufumana amajoyinti adityanisiweyo aphezulu phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo ye-welding.Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, ingqikelelo ye "weld amandla" ikwabandakanya "ubukho" kunye "nokuthembeka".Ubuchule be-weld buxhomekeke kwiimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kunye neemeko zenkqubo ezisetyenzisiweyo.Ubuchule bokuwelda bezinto zentsimbi abume kodwa bukhula ngokomzekelo, kuba izinto ezazijongwa njengezihlwempuzekileyo kwisakhono seweld, kunye nophuhliso lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iindlela ezintsha zokuwelda ziye zaba lula ukuwelda, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukuwelda. ibengcono.Ke ngoko, asinakushiya iimeko zenkqubo ukuba sithethe ngesakhono se-weld.
Ikhono le-weld libandakanya imiba emibini: enye yintsebenzo edibeneyo, oko kukuthi, uvakalelo lokwenza iziphene ze-welding phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo ye-welding;okwesibini kukusebenza okusebenzayo, oko kukuthi, ukulungelelaniswa kokudibanisa okudibeneyo kwiimfuno zokusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo ye-welding.
Iindlela zokuwelda
1.Laser welding(LBW）
2.i-ultrasonic welding (USW)
3.diffusion welding(DFW)
4. njl
I-1.I-Welding yinkqubo yokudibanisa izinto, ngokuqhelekileyo isinyithi, ngokufudumeza iindawo eziphakamileyo ukuya kwindawo yokuncibilika kwaye emva koko zivumele ukuba zipholile kwaye ziqiniswe, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokongezwa kwezinto zokuzalisa.I-weldability ye-weldability ye-weldability ye-weldability ibhekisela kwikhono layo lokudityaniswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo, kwaye kuxhomekeke kuzo zombini iimpawu kunye nenkqubo ye-welding esetyenziswayo.
I-2.Weldability inokwahlulwa ibe yimiba emibini: ukusebenza ngokubambisana kunye nokusebenza okusebenzayo.Ukusebenza ngokudibeneyo kubhekiselele kubuntununtunu bokwenza iziphene ze-welding phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo ye-welding, ngelixa ukusebenza okusebenzayo kubhekiselele kukulungelelaniswa kwe-welding edibeneyo kwiimfuno zokusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo ye-welding.
3.Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa, kubandakanywa i-laser welding (LBW), i-ultrasonic welding (USW), kunye ne-diffusion welding (DFW), phakathi kwabanye.Ukhetho lwendlela ye-welding ixhomekeke kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo, ubukhulu bezinto, amandla afunekayo adibeneyo, kunye nezinye izinto.
Yintoni iLaser Welding?
Ukuwelda ngelaser, okwakwaziwa ngokuba yilaser beam welding (“LBW”), bubuchule bokwenza apho amaqhekeza amabini okanye ngaphezulu ezinto (ezidla ngokuba yintsimbi) adityaniswa kusetyenziswa umqadi welaser.
Yinkqubo engaqhagamshelwanga efuna ukufikelela kwindawo ye-weld ukusuka kwelinye icala lamalungu adityanisiweyo.
Ubushushu obudalwe yilaser bunyibilikisa izinto kumacala omabini odibaniso, kwaye njengoko izinto ezityhidiweyo zixuba kwaye ziphinde ziqinise, zidibanisa iindawo.
I-weld yenziwa njengoko ukukhanya kwe-laser okubukhali kutshisa ngokukhawuleza izinto eziphathekayo - ngokuqhelekileyo kubalwa kwii-milliseconds.
I-laser beam ihambelana (isigaba esisodwa) ukukhanya kwe-wavelength enye (i-monochromatic).I-laser beam inokwahlukana kwe-beam ephantsi kunye nomxholo ophezulu wamandla oya kudala ubushushu xa ubetha umphezulu
Njengazo zonke iintlobo ze-welding, iinkcukacha zibalulekile xa usebenzisa i-LBW.Ungasebenzisa ii-lasers ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-LBW, kwaye kukho amaxesha apho ukuwelda kwe-laser akulona khetho lungcono.
Laser Welding
Kukho iintlobo ezi-3 ze-laser welding:
1.Imo yokuqhuba
2.Imo yokuqhuba/yokungena
3.Ukungena okanye imowudi yesitshixo
Ezi ntlobo ze-laser welding zihlanganiswe ngumlinganiselo wamandla ahanjiswe kwisinyithi.Cinga ezi njengamanqanaba asezantsi, aphakathi, kunye naphezulu amandla ombane welaser.
Imo Yokuqhuba
Imowudi yokuqhuba ihambisa amandla e-laser asezantsi kwintsimbi, ekhokelela ekungeneni okuphantsi nge-weld enzulu.
Ilungile kumalungu angadingi amandla aphezulu njengoko iziphumo zihlobo lwe-weld yendawo eqhubekayo.Iiwelds zokuqhuba zigudileyo kwaye ziyathandeka ngobuhle, kwaye ziqhelekile ukuba banzi kunokuba zinzulu.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zendlela yokuqhuba i-LBW:
1.Ukufudumeza ngokuthe ngqo:Umphezulu wenxalenye ufudunyezwa ngokuthe ngqo ngelaser.Ubushushu buqhutyelwa kwintsimbi, kwaye iinxalenye zesiseko setsimbi ziyanyibilika, zidibanisa umdibaniso xa isinyithi siphinda siqinise.
2.Ukuhanjiswa kwaMandla: I-inki ekhethekileyo yokufunxa ibekwe kuqala kwindawo yojongano.Le inki ithatha amandla e-laser kwaye ivelise ubushushu.Intsimbi engaphantsi ihambisa ubushushu bube ngumaleko obhityileyo, onyibilikayo, aphinde aphinde adityaniswe.
Imo Yokuqhuba/yokungena
Abanye basenokungakuvumi oku njengenye yeendlela.Bavakalelwa kukuba kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela;mhlawumbi uqhube ubushushu kwintsimbi okanye umphunga umjelo omncinci wesinyithi, uvumela i-laser ukuba ihle kwintsimbi.
Kodwa indlela yokuqhuba/yokungena isebenzisa amandla “aphakathi” kwaye iphumela ekungeneni ngakumbi.Kodwa i-laser ayomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ikhuphe isinyithi njengakwimowudi yesitshixo.
Ukungena okanye Imowudi yesitshixo
Le ndlela idala iiwelds ezinzulu, ezimxinwa.Ke, abanye bayibiza imo yokungena.Iiweld ezenziweyo ziqhele ukuba nzulu kunobubanzi kwaye zomelele kunendlela yokuqhuba.
Ngolu hlobo lwe-LBW welding, i-laser ene-high-powered vaporize isiseko sesinyithi, idala itonela elimxinwa elibizwa ngokuba "yi-keyhole" eyongeza ezantsi kwi-joint.Lo "mngxuma" ubonelela ngombhobho we-laser ukuba ungene nzulu kwisinyithi.
Iintsimbi ezifanelekileyo kwi-LBW
I-laser welding isebenza ngeentsimbi ezininzi, njenge:
- Intsimbi yeCarbon
- Aluminiyam
- I-Titanium
- I-alloy ephantsi kunye nensimbi engenasici
- Nickel
- iPlatinam
- Molybdenum
Ultrasonic welding
I-Ultrasonic welding (USW) kukudibanisa okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-thermoplastics ngokusetyenziswa kobushushu obuveliswe kwi-high-frequency mechanical motion.Kufezwa ngokuguqula amandla ombane akwi-high-frequency abe yi-high-frequency mechanical motion.Eso ntshukumo yomatshini, kunye namandla asetyenzisiweyo, kudala ubushushu obukhukhulayo kwindawo yokukhwelana yamacandelo eplastiki (indawo edibeneyo) ukuze imathiriyeli yeplastiki inyibilike kwaye yenze ikhonkco lemolekyuli phakathi kwamalungu.
UMGAQO ESISISEKO WE-ULTRASONIC WELDING
I-1.Iinxalenye kwi-Fixture: Amalungu amabini e-thermoplastic aza kuhlanganiswa abekwe kunye, enye phezulu kwenye, kwindlwane exhasayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-fixture.
2.I-Ultrasonic Horn Contact: I-titanium okanye i-aluminiyam inxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yiphondo idityaniswa nenxalenye yeplastiki ephezulu.
I-3.I-Force iFakelwe: Amandla alawulwayo okanye uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kwiindawo, zidibanisa kunye ngokubhekiselele kwi-fixture.
Ixesha le-4.Weld: Uphondo lwe-ultrasonic lungcangcazela ngokuthe nkqo 20,000 (20 kHz) okanye 40,000 (40 kHz) amaxesha ngomzuzwana, kwimigama elinganiselwa kwiwaka le-intshi (i-microns), ixesha elimiselweyo elibizwa ngokuba lixesha le-weld.Ngoyilo olunyamekileyo lwenxalenye, la mandla omatshini angcangcazelayo abhekiswa kwiindawo ezilinganiselweyo zoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwala macandelo mabini.Ukungcangcazela koomatshini kudluliswa ngezixhobo ze-thermoplastic ukuya kumdibaniso odibeneyo wokudala ubushushu obushushu.Xa iqondo lokushisa kwi-interface edibeneyo lifikelela kwindawo yokunyibilika, iplastiki iyancibilika kwaye ihamba, kwaye ukunyakaza kumisiwe.Oku kuvumela iplastiki enyibilikisiweyo ukuba iqalise ukupholisa.
5.Bamba ixesha: Amandla okubamba agcinwa ixesha elimiselweyo ukuvumela iindawo ukuba zidibanise njengoko iplastiki enyibilikisiweyo iphola kwaye iqina.Oku kwaziwa njengexesha lokubamba.(Qaphela: Amandla adibeneyo aphuculweyo kunye ne-hermeticity inokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa amandla aphezulu ngexesha lokubamba. Oku kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa uxinzelelo olubini).
I-6.I-Horn Retracts: Emva kokuba iplastiki ecibilikileyo iqinile, i-clamping force iyasuswa kwaye uphondo lwe-ultrasonic luhlehlisiwe.Amalungu amabini eplastiki ngoku adityaniswe ngokungathi abunjwe kunye kwaye asuswe kwi-fixture njengenxalenye enye.
I-Diffusion Welding, i-DFW
Inkqubo yokudibanisa ngobushushu kunye noxinzelelo apho imiphezulu yoqhagamshelwano idityaniswa ngokusasazwa kwee-athomu.
Inkqubo
Izixhobo zokusebenza ezimbini [1] kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokugxilwa zibekwe phakathi kooshicilelo ababini [2].Oomatshini bokushicilela babodwa kwindibaniselwano nganye yezinto zokusebenza, kunye nesiphumo sokuba uyilo olutsha luyafuneka ukuba uyilo lwemveliso luyatshintsha.
Ubushushu obulingana malunga ne-50-70% yezinto ezinyibilikayo zinikezelwa kwinkqubo, ukwandisa ukuhamba kwee-athomu zezinto ezimbini.
Abacinezeli bacinezelwe kunye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iiathom ziqalise ukusasazeka phakathi kwezinto ezikwindawo yoqhagamshelwano [3].Ukusasazwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ii-workpieces zibe zezigxina ezahlukeneyo, ngelixa ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo zenza inkqubo ibe lula.Uxinzelelo ke ngoko lusetyenziselwa ukufumana izixhobo ezinxibelelana nemiphezulu ngokusondeleyo kangangoko ukuze iiathom zisasazeke ngokulula.Xa umlinganiselo ofunwayo wee-athomu usasazwa, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo luyasuswa kwaye ukusetyenzwa kwekhonkco kugqityiwe.
